VPNs Hierarchy

Consumer VPNs occupy a unique position when it comes to overlapping applications. Many - though not all - share several concerning traits:

  • They operate multiple brands using the same IPs.
  • They provide minimal corporate transparency.
  • They conceal ownership through entities in offshore jurisdictions like Panama or Cyprus.

We have tested numerous VPN products in our lab environment and strongly advise users to select only reputable providers with clear corporate transparency. Trust and accountability matter - especially when a service handles all your internet traffic.


Gen Digital - Logo Gen Digital
App ID: 12179
Gen Digital is a cybersecurity company that owns brands like Norton, Avast, LifeLock, and AVG, offering consumer-focused security, privacy, and identity protection services.
AVG Antivirus - Logo AVG Antivirus Cybersecurity App ID: 10442
Avast - Logo Avast Cybersecurity App ID: 10186
Avast DNS - Logo Avast DNS Cybersecurity App ID: 11746
Avast SecureLine - Logo Avast SecureLine VPN and Proxy App ID: 11978
Avira - Logo Avira Cybersecurity App ID: 10195
CCleaner - Logo CCleaner Cybersecurity App ID: 11341
HMA - Logo HMA VPN and Proxy App ID: 11021
Norton - Logo Norton Cybersecurity App ID: 10280

IC VPN - Logo IC VPN
App ID: 12227
Innovative Connecting is a holding company with ties to China-based Qihoo. The company owns several VPN brands, including Turbo VPN, VPN Monster, Thunder VPN.
Secure Signal VPN - Logo Secure Signal VPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 12229
Secure VPN - Logo Secure VPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 12231
Thunder VPN - Logo Thunder VPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 12230

Powerhouse - Logo Powerhouse
App ID: 11900
Powerhouse Management is an organization that provides products and network services focused on privacy, openness, and a better Internet.
Giganews - Logo Giganews File Sharing App ID: 11858
VyprVPN - Logo VyprVPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 11855

Proton - Logo Proton
App ID: 11130
Proton offers encrypted services that give end-users more control over who has access to emails, plans, files, and online activity.
Proton Mail - Logo Proton Mail Mail App ID: 10911
Proton VPN - Logo Proton VPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 11291

PureSquare - Logo PureSquare
App ID: 11931
PureSquare is a cybersecurity company offering VPN, privacy, and security services. Products include PureVPN and PureDome.
PureDome - Logo PureDome VPN and Proxy App ID: 11932
PureVPN - Logo PureVPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 11631

Ziff Davis - Logo Ziff Davis
App ID: 12061
Ziff Davis is a digital media and internet company specializing in technology, gaming, entertainment, and cybersecurity content. It owns and operates various online brands, including PCMag, IGN, Mashable, Speedtest.net, and RetailMeNot, among others.
IPVanish - Logo IPVanish VPN and Proxy App ID: 11630
RetailMeNot - Logo RetailMeNot Shopping App ID: 11955
Speedtest - Logo Speedtest Technology App ID: 10279
StrongVPN - Logo StrongVPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 11671
WLVPN - Logo WLVPN VPN and Proxy App ID: 12162

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